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Effects of Expander Operating Conditions on Nutrient Digestibility in Finishing Pigs |
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S. L. Traylor, K. C. Behnke, J. D. Hancock, R. H. Hines, S. L. Johnston, B. J. Chae, In K. Han |
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| Abstract |
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five experiments were conducted using finishing pigs (PIC L326 sires 횞 C15 dams) to examine the effects of expander operating conditions on nutrient digestibility in finishing pigs. The effects of different expanding conditions (0, 11.7, 24.4, 32.5 kg/cm2 for corn-SBM based diets (Exp. 1), wheat meddlings diet (Exp. 2), sorghum-SBM based diets (Exp. 3) and wheat-SBM based diet (Exp. 4). Exp. 5 was conducted as a 2횞4 factorial arrangement and factors examined were 2 soy products (raw soybean and SBM) and 4 expanding conditions (0, 14.1, 28.1, 42.2 kg/cm2. In experiment 1, total production rates (p>0.10) were similar among treatments. The amount of fines decreased (cubic effect, p<0.001) as cone pressure was increased from 0 to 11.7 kg/cm2 with smaller differences as cone pressure was further increased to 35.2 kg/cm2. Nutrient digestibilities increased (p<0.02) as the feed was subjected to higher cone pressures. Digestibilities of DM, N, and GE were maximized at 24.4 kg/cm2 cone pressure. The DE of the diet expanded at 24.4 and 35.2 kg/cm2 increased by 172 and 109 kcal/kg, respectively, compared to the diet processed at 0 kg/cm2 cone pressure. In experiment 2, total production and screened pellets production rates were similar among the processing treatments (p>0.21). The amount of fines decreased (quadratic effect, p<0.03) by 9 kg/h as cone pressure was increased from 0 to 11.7 kg/cm2. Digestibilities of DM (p<0.02), N (p<0.001), and GE (p<0.002) as cone pressure was increased from 0 to 35.2 kg/cm2 DM, N. and GE digestibility in the pigs fed the midds-based diet increased by 8, 13, and 10% respectively, at the highest processing cone pressure compared to the diets without any cone pressure. In experiment 3, the conditioned mash moistures for the treatments were numerically similar around 15% moisture. As the expander cone pressure was increased from 0 to 11.7 kg/cm2 energy consumption for the pellet mill decreased (quadratic effect, p<0.004) from 14.1 to 12.0 kWh/t. Dry matter and gross energy digestibility increased (cubic effects, p<0.006) as cone pressure was increased from 0 to 35.2 kg/cm2 with the largest improvement occurring as cone pressure was increased from 0 to 11.7 kg/cm2. Nitrogen digestibility increased (cubic effect, p<0.001) from 78.3 to 81.0% as the feed was subjected to the higher cone pressures, with N digestibility being maximized at 24.4 kg/cm2 cone pressure. The DE of the diet increased (cubic effect, p<0.001) by 225 kcal/kg as cone pressure was increased from 0 to 35.2 kg/cm2. Also, starch gelatinization moisture decreased and moisture loss increased as cone pressure was increased from 0 to 11.7 kg/cm2. In experiment 4, pellet of the wheat-based diets increased from 16.8 to 49.1% as the diets were processed at 0 and 35.2 kg/cm2 cone pressure. Nutrient digestibilities were not affected (p>0.18) by any increase in cone pressure. In experiment 5, pellet moisure decreased as cone pressure was increased 0 to 35.2 kg/cm2. The amount of moisture loss for the diets expanded at 42.2 kg/cm2 was 3.0 and 3.8% for the SBM and raw soybean (RB) diets, respectively. Starch gelatinization for the SBM diets were 19% greater than the RB diets. The RB diets had lower DM, N and GE digestibilities as compared to the SBM diets. The DE of the RB diets were lower (p<0.02) than the SBM diets. DM (p<0.06), N (p<0.02), and GE (p<0.001) digestibilities of the dietary treatments increased as cone pressure was increased 0 to 42.2 kg/cm2. |
| Keywords:
Expander; Processing Characteristics; Nutrient Digestibility; Finishing Pig |
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