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Evaluation of ammonia emission reducing effect by adding waste cooking oil in pilot-scale composting of dairy cattle manure |
Kazutaka Kuroda1,* 
, Akihiro Tanaka1
, Kenichi Furuhashi2
, Naoki Fukuju1
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1Division of Livestock Research, Kyushu Okinawa Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Suya, Koshi 861-1192, Japan
2Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan |
Correspondence:
Kazutaka Kuroda, Tel: +81-96-242-7625, Fax: +81-96-249-1002, Email: tazuka@affrc.go.jp
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Received: 31 January 2023 • Revised: 8 March 2023 • Accepted: 12 April 2023 |
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| Abstract |
Objective
In our previous study, we observed that the addition of waste cooking oil (WCO) reduced ammonia (NH3) emissions during laboratory-scale composting of dairy cattle manure under low-aeration condition. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of addition of WCO on NH3 emissions reduction during pilot-scale composting of dairy cattle manure, which is close to the conditions of practical composting treatment.
Methods
Composting tests were conducted using pilot-scale composting facilities (1.8 m3 of capacity). The composting mixtures were prepared from manure, sawdust, and WCO. Two treatments were set: without WCO (Control) and with WCO added to 3 wt% of manure (WCO3). Composting was conducted under continuous aeration at 40 L/min, corresponding to 22.2 L/(min‧m3) of the mixture at the start of composting. The changes in temperatures, NH3 concentrations in the exhaust gases, and contents of the composted mixtures were analyzed. Based on these analysis results, the effect of WCO addition on NH3 emissions and nitrogen loss during composting was evaluated.
Results
During composting, the temperature increase of the composting mixture became higher, and the decreases of weight and water content of the mixture became larger in WCO3 than in Control. In the decrease of weight, and the residual weight and water content of the mixture, significant differences (p<0.05) were detected between the two treatments at the end of composting. The NH3 concentrations in the exhaust gases tended to be lower in WCO3 than in Control. Nitrogen loss was 21.5% lower in WCO3 than in Control.
Conclusion
Reduction of NH3 emissions by the addition of WCO under low aeration condition was observed in pilot-scale composting, as well as in laboratory-scale composting. This result suggests that this method is effective in reducing NH3 emissions in practicalscale composting. |
| Keywords:
Aeration Condition; Ammonia Emissions; Composting; Dairy Cattle Manure; Waste Cooking Oil |
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